This is the first book to have been a hit in a long time.

The book is so rich in information about his thought process that I feel like I could find it all if I just devoured it.

Goal-seeking thinking

  1. Key points to consider
    • In order to clarify the purpose of thoughts and actions that we tend to neglect, when starting something it is important to ask yourself, "Why am I doing this in the first place?"
  2. Common pitfalls
    • I don't really think about the purpose.
    • I have a purpose in mind, but I'm not sure it's appropriate.
    • At some point, the once lofty purpose lost its relevance.
  3. Main tools
    • Situation structure diagram
    • Chain of Purpose

Observational Thinking

  1. Key points to consider
    • Don't be misled by psychological factors or the sender's intentions.
    • See things from multiple perspectives without bias.
  2. Common pitfalls
    • Inhibition by bias.
    • They accept the claims of other companies as they are.
    • I'm fooled by lies.
  3. Main tools
    • 4-division matrix

Idea Thinking

  1. Key points to consider
    • In order to come up with a wealth of ideas, it is important to think proactively without being bogged down by the three blocks, and to adhere to the principle that "quantity produces quality."
    • See things from multiple perspectives without bias.
  2. Common pitfalls
    • I just wait, without thinking, hoping that ideas will fall from the sky.
    • Using divergent and convergent thinking simultaneously reduces the efficiency of thinking.
    • We are held back by the three blocks of perception, emotion, and culture, which leads to biased ways of looking at and thinking about things.
  3. Main tools
    • Brain Storming Method (BS Method)
    • Attribute Enumeration
    • Checklist Method
    • Defect Enumeration Method
    • Desired points enumeration method
    • Gordon Law
    • NM method

Classification Thinking

  1. Key points to consider
    • Classification is the process of dividing the information that is the subject of thought into "different" parts and grouping them together into "same" parts according to the purpose of that thought.
    • Classification helps us understand things we don't understand, simplifies complex things, clarifies ambiguous situations, and makes things more organized and easier to use.
  2. Common pitfalls
    • They tend to perceive events and problems vaguely.
    • We set classification criteria that do not fit the purpose of our thinking.
    • When dividing, there are leaks and duplications.
  3. Main tools
    • Set classification criteria that suit your purpose.
    • Unify the level of abstraction.
    • Divide without gaps or overlaps. (MECE)

Structured Thinking

  1. Key points to consider
    • Structuring involves clarifying the relationships (connections) between the classified components (parts) of a thought object and understanding the meaning of the thought object (whole).
    • Everything in this world exists because various elements depend on each other, influence each other, and are related to each other. In order to think and understand something, we must grasp all of these relationships.
  2. Common pitfalls
    • Although they are able to classify things in all business situations, such as organizational design, business proposals, and presentations, they lack the ability to think in terms of structuring, such as bundling or summarizing.
    • I can understand parts of it, but I can't understand what it is trying to convey as a whole.
    • People can be divided into those who can see the trees but not the forest, and those who can see the forest but not the trees. They are unable to see both the trees and the forest.
  3. Main tools
    • Tree Structure
    • Matrix Structure
    • Process Structure

Decision-making thinking

Expressive thinking

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